Velidandla V, Xu J, Hou Z, Wijekoon K, Tanner D (2011) Texture process monitoring in solar cell manufacturing using optical metrology. Int J Appl Innov Eng Manag 3(4):74–84Ĭhandra M, Rakesh A, Pujahari M (2014) Comparison of 2D and 3D screen printed metallization on multicrystalline silicon solar cells. Zaydoon T, Mohammad N (2014) Efficiency response of a silicon solar cell to the photo-chemical etching process. Trein J, Schwarzbacher, Th A, Hoppe B (2008) FPGA implementation of a single pass real-time blob analysis using run length encoding. Manesis S, Akantziotis K (2005) Automated synthesis of ladder automation circuits based on state-diagrams. Comput Ind 38:225–238Īnglani A, Grieco A, Pacella M, Tolio T (2002) Object-oriented modeling and simulation of flexible manufacturing system: a rule based procedure. Comput Ind 38(2):173–186Īl-Ahmari AMA, Ridgway K (1999) An integrated modeling method to support manufacturing system analysis and design. Klingstam P, Gullander P (1999) Overview of simulation tools for computer-aided production engineering. Lee JS, Hsu PL (2005) A systematic approach for the sequence controller design in manufacturing systems. Park HT, Kwak JG, Wang GN, Park SC (2010) Plant model generation for PLC simulation. The results and the system proposed are useful in implementing laser light scattering instruments for on-line monitoring of solar cell manufacturing processes which produce surface roughness patterns. In addition to virtual simulation, an experimental study of surface roughness effect on laser light scattering from textured surfaces is described.
The paper provides effective solution by combining an I/O and 3D graphic simulator to validate PLC code for implementation into a physical system with examined kinematics in energy manufacturing.
The process is tested virtually using 3-D software simulation before they are used in a full-scale physical plant. The programming is akin to the traditional text based programming conducted with actual robots, as it is responsible for controlling I/O, time delays, and motions along with basics. This visual interface is integrated into the virtual environment, which is designed to model the logical and kinematic functions of the automated system. The paper presents the integration and implementation of automated processes, based on the sequence control specifications and requirement of the PLC (programmable logic controller) using 3-D simulation to create a virtual test environment. Texture has long been known as one of the critical surface parameters affecting solar cell efficiency. Finally, the average efficiency of large-area mono-crystalline silicon PERC solar cells fabricated by cyclodextrin surfactant was 22.69%, which was 0.43% absolutely higher than that of conventional IPA surfactant.An automated system in conjunction with a novel optical laser metrology technique has been designed via 3-D virtual simulation to study textured silicon wafers used for solar cell manufacturing.
In addition, ray tracing simulation was performed to calculate the photo-generated carrier concentration of PN junction with different sizes of pyramids, and the conclusion is that the carrier concentration of small pyramids is much higher than that of large pyramids. The results show that cyclodextrin can decrease the size and depth of pyramid structures, and thus a lower average reflectivity of 7.5% was obtained. Furthermore, the surface morphology, average reflectivity, surface recombination of mono-crystalline silicon wafers were studied in detail. isopropanol, IPA), the cyclodextrin not only possesses a relative high boiling point (1534.4 ℃), but displays non-toxic and biodegradable properties. Compared with volatile alcohol surfactant (e.g. In this paper, pyramid structures are prepared on mono-crystalline silicon wafers by cyclodextrin as surfactant to slow down the etching rate in alcohol-free alkali solution. Control of texture structures is an effective method to reduce surface reflectivity and enhance the efficiency of solar cells.